Yes, you can be held personally liable for unpaid sales tax, even if your business is an LLC or corporation.

Sales tax works differently from most business debts. When you collect sales tax from customers, that money doesn’t belong to your business. You’re holding it in trust for the state of Virginia. The corporate liability protection that normally shields you from business debts doesn’t apply to money you were supposed to pass through to the government.

Virginia pursues what’s called “responsible person” liability. If you had the authority to decide which bills got paid and you chose to pay other expenses instead of remitting sales tax, the state can come after you personally. This applies to owners, officers, and anyone else with financial control over the business.

The penalties add up quickly. Virginia charges interest on late sales tax, plus penalties for failure to file and failure to pay. If the business can’t pay and the state determines you’re a responsible person, those amounts become your personal debt. They can file liens against your personal property, garnish wages from other income, and pursue collection just like any other creditor.

This isn’t theoretical. Small business owners across central Virginia regularly face personal assessments for sales tax their businesses collected but didn’t remit. Sometimes it happens because cash flow got tight and sales tax funds were used to cover payroll or vendors. Sometimes it happens because the books were disorganized and the liability wasn’t clear until it was too late. Working with a Richmond bookkeeper who tracks sales tax monthly can prevent the kind of surprises that lead to personal liability.

The best protection is never letting sales tax funds mix with operating money. Some business owners open a separate account and transfer sales tax collected into it immediately. Proper sales tax tracking with regular filing reminders helps make sure the money is set aside before it gets spent on something else.

If you’re already behind on sales tax, address it directly. Virginia does offer payment plans in some cases. The longer you wait, the worse the penalties and the more likely the state is to pursue you personally.